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A major change has been implemented within the
current version of Brinell Hardness Standard E 10. This single ballot
item has eliminated the use of STEEL BALL INDENTERS for ALL Brinell
testing. TUNGSTEN CARBIDE INDENTERS are now MANDATORY
to remain in compliance with ASTM specifications. Our Balls are
in compliance with section 5.4 for dimensional and composition requirements.
Committee E28 of ASTM has approved this change, on Mechanical testing.
ASTM now aligns with ISO 6506 with regard to indenter usage
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(A task group of ASTM Subcommittee E28.06 on
Indentation Hardness Testing developed the revision, headed by Mr.
Robert A Ellis, Quality Manager, David L. Ellis Co, Inc, Acton,
Mass)
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A new method of determining hardness at high temperatures
has been developed and is being used, particularly, to study materials
having melting points in the region of 3000 deg C. The principle
of the hardness measurement is the determination of the height of
rebound of a spherical indenter. Tungsten carbide Ball of diameter
1/8" is dropped on to the specimen from the height of about
22". The method of the measurement makes use of a Photo multiplier
and an electronic timing device. A graphite-tube resistance-heated
furnace is used to obtain the temperatures required.
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(Measurement of hardness at very high temperatures
by Mr. L.M. Fitzgerald, Laboratory Incharge for the Physics &
Chemistry of Solids, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, as written
in the British Journal of Applied Physics)
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Rockwell refers to the Hardness testing technique
developed by Stanley Rockwell in 1921. It is the registered trademark
of Wilson Instruments, a division of Instron Corp. In place of Diamond
Indenters, tungsten Carbide Ball Indenters should be used for Rockwell
Indenters. The indent depends on the indenter's roundness and Tungsten
Carbide never loose its roundness.
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(As suggested by Dirk Dusharme, Technology Editor
- Quality Digest and shared by Mr. Tom Farrell, test equipment product
Manager, Mitutoyo and Mr. Richard Ellis, President, David A Elliss
Inc , Manufacturers of Test Blocks.)
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E18-03e1 Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness
and Rockwell Superficial hardness of Metallic Materials developed
by Sub-Committee E28.06 has made the use of Tungsten carbide Balls
MANDATORY . Steel Balls have a tendency to flatten or deform while
in use. This has always been a problem with HRB and HRxxT scales,
and the general rule when bad readings appeared on the test block
was to replace or rotate the ball and try again. SRM's from NIST
are introduced.
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(As written by Mr. Mark West-Metallographic
Product Sales and Service Manager and Mr. Tim Bonge-Optical Service
Engineer in Industry Update of Leco corporation) |
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Cylinder Heads: State of the art Cylinder Head
Machining Centers incorporates the latest tooling for three-angle
seat cutting. Engine manufacturers are putting as many as 5 valves
into each cylinder, some with stem diameter as small as 4.5 mm,
the only way to have any chance of seat centricity is to use pilot.
Then three-angle cutter tips, Seat Counter-bore cutters, core Drills
and Reamers and finish reamers are to be used. All these tools
are to be preferable made from Tungsten Carbide EMT 100 or for best
results EMT 612 grade of Extramet Ag make. The Guide liners being
installed need to be finished on the inside diameter by the Tungsten
Carbide Sizing ball.
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(As promoted by Mr. David P. Monyhan,
ASE-Certified Cylinder Head Specialist in Engine Builder, January,
2004) |
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Ball Mills, also known as centrifugal or planetary
mills, are devices used to grind materials to colloidal fineness
(approximately 1 micron and below) by developing high grinding energy
via centrifugal and/or planetary action use Tungsten Carbide Balls
as Grinding media, to grind hard samples. These balls minimize Cross
Contamination of the sample with the grinding unit material. Agate
is always a good choice. In 1983, Koch was the first scientist to
make an amorphous metallic structure from two separate elements
by mechanical alloying. Back then, he accomplished this feat with
ball milling. Koch loads powder along with balls between ¼"
to ½" dia into a small mill, which vibrates at about
1200 rpm and this powder is reduced down to the size of 10 manometers.
Components manufactured from such nano crystalline metals are referred
equivalent to Damascus Swords.
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(As mentioned by SAS in their E-Bulletin/2003-04-04/labnotes.) |
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The success in the operation of an Ultrasonic Linear
Motor at HF band driving frequency using a Rayleigh wave depends
upon the shape of contact surface and the slider materials. Each
Slider has 3 balls to enable stable contact at 3 points. After investigations,
Tungsten Carbide Balls or Ruby balls have proven to be the best.
The maximum transfer speed of about 20 cm/s, controlled by changing
the driving voltage can be achieved.
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(As written by Minoru Kurosawa, Masakazu
Takahashi and Toshiro Higuchi in the Journal of the Institute of Electrical
and Electronics Engineers, Inc) |
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Precision finished Valve guide will reduce engine
downtime as well as maintenance costs. To optimize the performance
of the valve stem and guide system over the TBO period, the Titan
cylinder incorporates a 2-step guide finishing process. After installing
undersize intake and exhaust guides, the guides are reamed to a
size that is slightly smaller than the finish size. Next, a precision
Tungsten Carbide Ball is pushed through the guide to burnish the
internal dimension to its final shape and remove any microscopic
surface tears that could lead to premature wear and valve sticking
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(TITAN Advanced finishing of ECI
Engine Components, Inc which claim innovation in Manufacturing) |
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Patent for Solvent free mechanochemical preparation
of Phosphonium salts, Phosphonium Ylides and Olefins by method of
Ball Milling using tungsten Carbide Balls has been approved by American
Dept of Patents and Trademarks recently
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Mr. Dennis Walker, R & D Manager, Retco Tool
CO say " Use of Bearings with Tungsten Carbide Balls got reduction
in cost of labor by reducing 19000 hours of labor for 1 production
run." They started using TC Balls in Bearings in Rotors and
Stators of the Drills
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Abstract from the Research paper from Elsevier
Technology Inc, which is contributed to drill the Sea Giant, one
of the enormous Oil & Gas Production platforms on the Brent
field of the UK Sector of the North Sea.
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The Bearings used in Lowflo flowmeters and Hydraulically
balanced Metering Pumps, are constructed in Synthetic Sapphire Cups
and Tungsten Carbide Balls. Fluids with a high specific gravity
may cause the ball in the check valve assembly to float and only
TC balls are recommended to counter this effect
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(Mr. Donald B. Cameron, Director, Technical
Sales & Services, Engineering Products Divn, Pulsafeeder Inc,
A Unit of IDEX Corp. New York)
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Other applications : |
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Ball Contact Points of Indicators. |
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Location gauges, Concentricity
Gauges, Grinding Arbors, Runout Arbors. |
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Thread checking Instruments |
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Gear checking Instruments |
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Taper checking |
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Micrometer Calibration |
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Probes & Stylii |
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Thrust Bearings of high Precision
Machines. |
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